脑瘤

下一个步骤

脑瘤s may be treated both medically within our 脑瘤 & 神经肿瘤学项目在外科手术上上州大脑和脊柱中心.

关于脑肿瘤

Brain tumors can be metastatic and spread to the brain from other parts of the body. Or they can be primary and begin in the brain itself. In addition to tumors involving the brain, some central nervous system (CNS) tumors arise from the coverings of the brain and can affect the underlying brain. Grading, along with other factors, determine how aggressive primary CNS tumors are.

脑瘤

Normal Anatomy and the Development of 脑瘤s

The CNS controls how the body works. It reads information from the senses. It also controls body temperature, sleep patterns, and movement. The brain is also the center for memory, learning, and emotions.

The three main parts of the brain are:

—Thought, reason, and speech are found here. It processes sensory information from the body. It prompts and coordinates movement. It is also where emotions come from. 它有两个大半球.
—Found at the back of the head near the base. It coordinates movement and balance.
—This is the back and bottom part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord at the base of the neck. There are three parts—the mid-brain, pons, and medulla. These structures control breathing, digestion, and heart function. They also make up the pathway which must be crossed to send signals to and from the rest of the brain.

Other nervous system structures are:

-三层组织(硬脑膜), 蛛网膜, and pia mater) that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. They lie inside the skull and spine.
—The bony shell that surrounds and protects the brain.
(CSF)—Clear fluid that surrounds, protects, and cushions the brain and spinal cord. It can be found inside the meninges.
(BBB)—A barrier that stops certain substances in the blood from reaching the brain. It can keep out infections or toxins. But, it can also block medicines that may help treat the brain.

Cell division and cell death are normal. This process is meant to replace old or damaged cells. Sometimes this can continue after it is supposed to stop. This extra growth can form a tumor. It is not clear exactly what causes these problems. It may be a mix of genes and the environment.

癌细胞生长

脑肿瘤的类型

主要有两种类型:

Primary brain tumors start in the brain or in the layers around it. It is the second most common type of 癌症 in children and young adults.
Secondary brain tumors come from 癌症 in other parts of the body. Cancer cells break away from the original site. They travel to the brain in the bloodstream. They are known as metastatic tumors. Secondary tumors are always 癌症ous.

The problems you have and how to treat them depend partly on where the tumor is. Most are named for the place they start:

—These tumors start in the layers around the brain and spinal cord.
—These tumors arise within the brain and spread to brain tissue.
—The pituitary gland releases hormones. It is found at the base of the brain. Tumors can start in the pituitary cells.
—Neurons are covered in a myelin sheath. It helps speed messages back and forth to the brain. Nerve sheath tumors often start in the peripheral nervous system. There are also some that start from the cranial nerve roots or the spinal nerve roots which are covered by the meninges. One of the most common types of nerve sheath tumors involve the nerve needed for hearing (the 8th cranial nerve).
—Tumors that start and grow in the cerebellum. This is the brain tumor most often found in children.

参考文献

Adult central nervous system tumors treatment (PDQ®)–health professional version. National Cancer Institute website. 可以在: http://www.癌症.gov/types/brain/hp/adult-brain-treatment-pdq. 于2021年7月13日发布.
Astrocytoma and oligodentroglioma in adults. EBSCO DynaMed网站. 可以在: http://www.力学.com/condition/astrocytoma-and-oligodendroglioma-in-adults. 于2021年7月13日发布.
Brain and spinal cord tumors in adults. American Cancer Society website. 可在:http://www.癌症.org/癌症/brain-spinal-cord-tumors-adults.html. 于2021年7月15日发布.
Brain and spinal cord tumors in children. American Cancer Society website. 可在:http://www.癌症.org/癌症/brain-spinal-cord-tumors-children.html. 于2021年7月15日发布.
Childhood brain and spinal cord tumors treatment overview (PDQ®)–patient version. National Cancer Institute website. 可以在: http://www.癌症.gov/types/brain/patient/child-brain-treatment-pdq. 于2021年7月15日发布.
脑膜瘤. EBSCO DynaMed网站. 可以在: http://www.力学.com/condition/meningioma. 于2021年7月13日发布.
Overview of brain tumors in children. Merck Manual Professional Version website. 可在:http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/pediatric-癌症s/overview-of-brain-tumors-in-children. 于2021年7月15日发布.
Overview of intracranial tumors. Merck Manual Professional Version website. 可在:http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/intracranial-and-spinal-tumors/overview-of-intracranial-tumors. 于2021年7月15日发布.